The enzymes from vertebrates, platyhelminths, mollusks, annelids, crustaceans, insects, algae, some fungi, yeast and some bacteria (particularly Gram-negative) require 2,3-bisphospho-D-glycerate as a cofactor. The enzyme is activated by 2,3-bisphospho-D-glycerate by transferring a phosphate to histidine (His10?in man and?Escherichia coli, His8?in?Saccharomyces cerevisiae). This phosphate can be transferred to the free OH of 2-phospho-D-glycerate, followed by transfer of the phosphate already on the phosphoglycerate back to the histidine.?cf. EC?5.4.2.12, phosphoglycerate mutase. The enzyme has no requirement for metal ions. This enzyme also catalyse, slowly, the reactions of EC?5.4.2.4, bisphosphoglycerate mutase.
